1. Marr DavidG.Vietnamese Tradition on Trial, 1920–1945(Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1981), p. 403. See also Christopher E. Goscha, ‘A ‘Total War’ of Decolonization? Social Mobilization and State-Building in Communist Vietnam (1949–54)’, in this Special Issue.
2. McAlister JohnT. ‘Mountain Minorities and the Viêt Minh: A Key to the Indochina War’, inSoutheast Asian Tribes, Minorities, and Nations, ed. by Peter Kunstadter (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1967), pp. 771–844 (pp. 831–32).
3. Goscha, ‘A ‘Total War’’.
4. Goscha, ‘A ‘Total War’’; and Christian C. Lentz, ‘Making the Northwest Vietnamese’,Journal of Vietnamese Studies, 6·2 (2011), 68–105.
5. Vietnam and the World outside