Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Abstract

The proportion of neurodegenerative diseases among all neurological disorders is growing year after year. This is explained by the duration of the latency period and the manifestation of signs after the death of about 40–60% of neurons. According to WHO forecasts, neurodegenerative diseases will be the biggest problem in the healthcare system of the XXI century. Among them, the most acute can be considered Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Specific biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases (diseases: Alzheimer’s; Parkinson’s; Huntington’s) are discussed. Currently, the highest priority in neurology is the identification of specific biomarkers in the blood serum for each nosology. In medicine, less invasive, atraumatic methods are always encouraged, therefore, the detection of biomarkers in the blood has advantages over the detection in the cerebrospinal fluid, the production of which is more invasive. The review examines the biomarkers of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases.