Affiliation:
1. Centre for Biotechnology & Biochemical Engineering, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar
Pradesh, Noida-201313, UP, India
Abstract
Abstract:
Antioxidant enzymes being an integral part of the defense mechanism have a crucial role
in cellular metabolism, essential for healthy growth and living of the cells. The main function is to
scavenge and degrade the free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species
(RNS). Endogenous antioxidant enzymes present in mitochondria, cytosol, and other cellular parts
participate in capturing and repairing the oxidative damage to the system. Superoxide dismutase,
catalase, and glutathione are antioxidant enzymes considered to be part of the first line of defense
and are especially important in scavenging reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion and
hydrogen peroxide. Numerous studies in humans, as well as animal models, are correlated and reported
about elevation in the enzymatic activity being involved in inhibiting oxidative damage and
controlling the disease progression. Similarly, alterations due to enzymatic damage increase oxidative
damage and have a key role in disease progression in diseases like cancer, atherosclerotic diseases,
neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, viral diseases, age-related ailments,
etc. However, information about antioxidant enzymes, their specificity, free radicals involved in
different diseases, and the oxidation process needs to be explored to a greater extent. This review
focuses on our current understanding of the role of free radicals and the potential of various antioxidant
enzymes, and their great scope in therapeutics against many dreadful diseases.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Pharmaceutical Science,Biotechnology
Cited by
23 articles.
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