Affiliation:
1. Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST),
P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Abstract:
Glucose determination, without pain and aches, is essential for biomedical applications.
Minimally invasive (MI) and non-invasive (NI) are the approaches that could address these challenges.
MI approaches are based on body fluids such as saliva, urine, tears, and interstitial fluid that are
exploited to determine glucose levels. NI methods utilize radiation forms to determine glucose
concentration without needing body fluids. In this review, MI and NI technologies and their application
in glucose measurement, along with current and future devices that use these technologies, are
described and discussed. Also, the principles and requirements and operational and analytical
performance will be reviewed and discussed.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
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