Ointment Formulation and Characterization of Arum Manis Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Leaves’ Methanol Extract as an Antibacterial Agent Against Propionibacterium acnes

Abstract

Background: Acne is caused by several factors, including the active secretion of sebaceous sweat glands, hyperkeratosis in the hair infundibulum and the effects of bacteria. One plant which has the potential as an antibacterial agent is the extract of Arum Manis mango leaves. Methods: The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of methanol extract of mango leaves was determined, which can inhibit Propionibacterium acnes activity. The antibacterial activity tests were performed using agar diffusion. The ointment formulation, the characteristics of ointment preparations, and the ointment activity against P. Acnes are discussed. Results: MIC of methanol extract of mango leaves value is 5 ppm with an inhibition zone of 1 mm. The ointment obtained is white, has a distinctive smell, semisolid form, possesses a pH of 4.92 - 5.87, dispersive power of 5.05 - 6.30 cm, and adhesive power of 1 - 3.67 seconds, homogeneous and protective. Ointment preparations of methanol extract of mango leaves have activity on P. acnes on the 0 and 15th day of storage. The activities of ointment preparation on day 0 with concentrations of 0, 5, 10 and 15 ppm are 0.00 mm; 10.20 mm; 19.97 mm and 23.60 mm respectively, while the inhibition zones produced by the preparation of ointment on day 15 with concentrations of 0, 5, 10 and 15 ppm are 0.00 mm; 5.71 mm; 9.58 mm and 21.88 mm respectively. Conclusion: Methanol extract of mango leaves (Mangifera indica L.) and ointment preparation can inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes.