Affiliation:
1. Pharmacy Department, Estácio of Alagoas College, Maceió, Brazil
2. Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal
University of Alagoas, Chemistry and Biotechnology Institute, Maceió, Brazil
Abstract
Abstract:
Ebola Virus (EBOV) is an infectious disease that mainly affects the cardiovascular system.
It belongs to the Filoviridae family, consisting of filamentous envelopes and non-segmented
negative RNA genome. EBOV was initially identified in Sudan and Zaire (now named the Democratic
Republic of Congo) around 1967. It is transmitted mainly by contact with secretions (blood,
sweat, saliva, and tears) from infected wild animals, such as non-human primates and bats. It has
gained more prominence in recent years due to the recent EBOV outbreaks that occurred from
2013 to 2016, resulting in approximately 28,000 infected individuals, with a mortality rate of 40-
70%, affecting mainly Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone. Despite these alarming levels, there is
still no FDA-approved drug for the effective treatment of these diseases. The most advanced drug
to treat EBOV is remdesivir. However, it is a high-cost drug and is available only for intravenous
use. In this sense, more investments are needed in the research focused on the development of new
antiviral drugs. In this context, medicinal chemistry strategies have been improving and increasingly
discovering new hits that can be used in the future as a treatment against these diseases. Thus, this
review will address the main advances in medicinal chemistry, such as drug discovery through computational
techniques (virtual screening and virtual high throughput screening), drug repurposing,
phenotypic screening assays, and employing classical medicinal chemistry, such as bioisosterism,
metabolism-based drug design, and the discovery of new inhibitors through natural products, thereby
presenting several promising compounds that may contain the advance of these pathogens.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,General Medicine
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