Analysis of conjunctival flora in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern

Abstract

To compare the conjunctival flora of diabetic individuals and non-diabetic individuals and assess their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. A hospital based cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out from September 2016 to August 2018 with 92 patients of age group from 40-70 years, to assess the conjunctival flora and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals without any pre-existing ocular diseases and adnexal disease. The rate of positive culture in Group A (Diabetics) was significantly higher as compared to Group B (Non-Diabetics) (21.7% vs. 4.3% respectively) (p<0.05). It was noted that there was a significantly higher incidence of the bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis in Group A (Diabetics) as compared to Group B (Non-Diabetics) (p<0.05). The antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated in patients in Group A (Diabetics) showed the following observations - in Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphlococcusaureus maximum sensitivity was seen with Gentamicin. A higher positive culture rate was seen in diabetic individuals as compared to non-diabetic individuals. It was then concluded that, as gentamicin shows maximum sensitivity to gram-posit ive and gram-negative organisms, Gentamicin is the drug of choice which takes cares of gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria and can be considered as routine pre-operative topical medication.Pre-operative cataract work up.