Redefining evaluation: Programmatic assessment in Indian medical education

Abstract

Programmatic assessment represents a modern approach to evaluation and learning, emphasizing continuous data collection and analysis of a learner's skills and development. This method integrates various assessment tools to provide comprehensive feedback, supporting both learners and mentors in making informed decisions. Unlike traditional methods that focus heavily on summative evaluations and knowledge acquisition, programmatic assessment aims to holistically assess competencies, including affective and practical skills. This review explores the principles of programmatic assessment, particularly within the context of medical education in India, where it addresses the shortcomings of traditional curricula by offering meaningful feedback and fostering self-directed learning.A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, focusing on articles published between 2010 and 2023. The findings indicate that programmatic assessment is being increasingly adopted by medical schools globally, enhancing learning through continuous feedback and data-driven decisions. Various assessment methods, such as multiple-choice questions, essays, practical exams, and workplace-based assessments, are used to evaluate a student's overall competence comprehensively. The approach aligns with competency-based education models, emphasizing continuous learning progression and reflective practices.Programmatic assessment encourages interdisciplinary collaboration and strengthens the educational framework by integrating multiple low-stakes assessments that contribute to high-stakes decisions. This method provides a dynamic and holistic evaluation system that prepares students for their future roles in healthcare by ensuring that assessments are both meaningful and developmentally supportive. As Indian medical education evolves to meet global standards, programmatic assessment offers a viable solution for achieving high-quality, competency-based education, fostering continuous improvement, and preparing students for lifelong learning and professional practice.