User performance in relation to 3D input device design

Abstract

Based mainly on a series of studies the author conducted at the University of Toronto, this article reviews the usability of various six degrees of freedom (6 DOF) input devices for 3D user interfaces. The following issues are covered in the article: the multiple aspects of input device usability (performance measures), mouse based 6 DOF interaction, mouse modifications for 3D interfaces, free-moving isotonic 6 DOF devices, desktop isometric and elastic 6 DOF devices, armature-based 6 DOF devices, position vs. rate control and the form factors of 6 DOF control handle. These issues are treated at an introductory and practical level, with pointers to more technical and theoretical references.