1. School of Healthcare Science; Manchester Metropolitan University; Manchester M15GD UK
2. Department of Systems Design Engineering; University of Waterloo; Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
3. Andrology Research Unit, Cardiovascular, Metabolic and Nutritional Sciences Domain, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
4. Manchester Diabetes Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK