The Cancer Spectrum Theory

Author:

Lee Hwa-Young12ORCID,Song Minkyo3ORCID,Stopsack Konrad H.45ORCID,Peng Cheng6ORCID,Phipps Amanda I.78ORCID,Wang Molin469ORCID,Ogino Shuji4101112ORCID,Sasamoto Naoko1314ORCID,Ugai Tomotaka41015ORCID

Affiliation:

1. 1Graduate School of Public Health and Healthcare Management, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

2. 2Catholic Institute for Public Health and Healthcare Management, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

3. 3Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland.

4. 4Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.

5. 5Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

6. 6Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

7. 7Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington.

8. 8Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

9. 9Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.

10. 10Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

11. 11Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

12. 12Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

13. 13Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

14. 14Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

15. 15Cancer Epidemiology Program, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

Abstract

Summary: Biological characteristics of tumors are heterogeneous, forming spectra in terms of several factors such as age at onset, anatomic spatial localization, tumor subtyping, and the degree of tumor aggressiveness (encompassing a neoplastic property spectrum). Instead of blindly using dichotomized approaches, the application of the multicategorical and continuous analysis approaches to detailed cancer spectrum data can contribute to a better understanding of the etiology of cancer, ultimately leading to effective prevention and precision oncology. We provide examples of cancer spectra and emphasize the importance of integrating the cancer spectrum theory into large-scale population cancer research.

Publisher

American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

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