THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS, SEVERITY OF THE DISEASE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEMIC EFFECTS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Abstract

The aim: To determine the effect of smoking on indicators of nutritional status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Materials and methods: A study included 91 patients with COPD. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the status of smoking: smokers and non-smokers. Everyone underwent an assessment of the severity of COPD, a study of nutritional status, a laboratory study of kidney function and blood lipid profile. Results: It was found that in smokers with COPD, the disease proceeds with more pronounced shortness of breath. There is also a development of sarcopenic obesity in those patients who smoke. In turn, it was found that bronchial obstruction increases with a decrease in muscle tissue content. Renal filtration function is reduced in smokers and non-smokers. Conclusions: 1. Patients suffering from COPD have a violation of nutritional status. Smoking patients develop sarcopenic obesity, which progresses with an increase in the degree of nicotine addiction, correlates with the “pack / year” index and is a predictor of increased mortality in this category of patients. 2. Increased bronchial obstruction in smokers with COPD is observed with an increase in smoking history, the number of cigarettes smoked and with a decrease in body weight. 3. Reducing the pool of muscle tissue can be considered as an early predictor of more frequent exacerbations in smoking patients with COPD. 4. The systemic effects of COPD include impaired renal function, more pronounced in smokers with COPD.