PREVALENCE OF BAD HABITS AMONG STUDENTS OF THE INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER MEDICAL EDUCATION AND WAYS OF COUNTERACTION

Abstract

Introduction: The relevance of scientific research is determined by the significant importance of lifestyle in preserving and strengthening the health of the population especially young people what determines the future of any society. Among the numerous youth lifestyle characteristics, particular attention is paid to behavioral factors, including the presence of bad habits. Data of scientific publications indicate a significant prevalence in student environment of tobacco-smoking, consumption of alcohol and other manifestations of unhealthy behavior, which are powerful factors of the risk of developing non-communicable diseases, injuries and other health disorders. One of the most important tasks is the formation and establishment of a healthy lifestyle among medical students, because in the future they will not only treat patients, but also carry out professional activities for the prevention of diseases and risk factors for their development, correcting and overcoming already existing risk factors. Doctors must be conscious supporter of healthy lifestyle and serve as a role model for their patients. The aim: To identify the features of prevalence of tobacco use, alcohol and energy drinks among medical students and justify ways of counteraction based on the results of own sociological research, scientific literature, WHO program and strategic documents. Materials and methods: An anonymous questioning was covered 948 students of institutions of higher medical education including 34.5% of men and 65.5% women. It had been used bibliosemantic, sociological and medical-statistical methods. The information base of the study included program and strategic documents of WHO, sources of scientific literature, data of own research. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using generally accepted medical statistics methods using licensed programs (SPSS, STATA, Statistica 10.0 and MS Excel XP). Results: The results of the study indicate a sufficient significant prevalence in the student environment of tobacco, alcohol and energy drinks. Third part of students consumes tobacco, of which 15.2 per 100 respondents are regular smokers with experience, 9.3 per 100 respondents smoked 10 or more cigarettes a day. A new negative trend is the use of hookah by almost half of the interviewed students and consumption of electronic cigarettes (8.5 per 100 respondents), what must be taken into account when substantiating counteraction ways. Three quarters of the respondents consume alcohol. Despite the prevailing consumption of low-alcohol beverages and wine by respondents, every seventh of the respondents consumes strong drinks. The reason for the worrying is the fact that 13.6 ± 4.7 in 100 respondents combine the consuming of energy drinks with alcohol. By 4.9 per 100 students interviewed, energy drink increases the desire to drink alcohol. Conclusions: The revealed connection between tobacco, alcohol and energy drinks consumption among medical students proves the need for an integrated approach to reduce the prevalence of risk factors in the context of a healthy lifestyle.