Whole‐genome resequencing uncovers diversity and selective sweep in Kazakh cattle

Author:

Xu Lei1ORCID,Zhang Yunyun1,Guo Yang2,Chen Qiuming1,Zhang Menghua1,Chen Hong1,Geng Juan2,Huang Xixia1

Affiliation:

1. College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi China

2. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Animal Husbandry Station Urumqi China

Abstract

AbstractThe Kazakh cattle in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China are highly adaptable and have multiple uses, including milk and meat production, and use as draft animals. They are an excellent original breed that could be enhanced by breeding and hybrid improvement. However, the genomic diversity and signature of selection underlying the germplasm characteristics require further elucidation. Herein, we evaluated 26 Kazakh cattle genomes in comparison with 103 genomes of seven other cattle breeds from regions around the world to assess the Kazakh cattle genetic variability. We revealed that the relatively low linkage disequilibrium at large SNP distances was strongly correlated with the largest effective population size among Kazakh cattle. Using population structural analysis, we next demonstrated a taurine lineage with restricted Bos indicus introgression among Kazakh cattle. Notably, we identified putative selected genes associated with resistance to disease and body size within Kazakh cattle. Together, our findings shed light on the evolutionary history and breeding profile of Kazakh cattle, as well as offering indispensable resources for germplasm resource conservation and crossbreeding program implementation.

Funder

Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Publisher

Wiley

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