Exploring associations of greenery, air pollution and walkability with cardiometabolic health in people at midlife and beyond

Author:

Carver Alison123ORCID,Beare Richard1234,Knibbs Luke D56,Mavoa Suzanne7,Grocott Kaya8,Wheeler Amanda J9,Srikanth Velandai123,Andrew Nadine E123

Affiliation:

1. National Centre for Healthy Ageing Melbourne Victoria Australia

2. Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical school, Faculty of Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia

3. Peninsula Health Melbourne Victoria Australia

4. Developmental Imaging Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia

5. School of Public Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia

6. Public Health Research Analytics and Methods for Evidence, Public Health Unit Sydney Local Health District Camperdown New South Wales Australia

7. Environmental Protection Authority Melbourne Victoria Australia

8. University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia

9. CSIRO Aspendale Victoria Australia

Abstract

AimTo examine associations of neighborhood greenery, air pollution and walkability with cardiometabolic disease in adults aged ≥45 years in the Frankston–Mornington Peninsula region, Victoria, Australia.MethodsA cross‐sectional, ecological study design was used. We assessed mean annual neighborhood greenery using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; air pollution (fine particulate matter of diameter ≤2.5 μm [PM2.5] and NO2) using land‐use regression models; and walkability using Walk Score (possible values 0–100). Medically diagnosed diabetes (~95% type‐2), heart disease and stroke were self‐reported in the Australian Census (2021). Multivariable regression was used to model associations between environmental exposures and area‐level (neighborhood) cardiometabolic disease prevalence (age group ≥45 years), with socioeconomic status, age and sex as covariates. Air pollution was examined as a mediator of associations between greenery and disease prevalence.ResultsOur sample comprised 699 neighborhoods with the following mean (SD) values: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index 0.47 (0.09), PM2.5, 8.5 (0.6) μg/m3 and NO2, 5.2 (1.6) ppb. Disease prevalences were: heart disease, mean 8.9% (4.5%); diabetes, mean 10.3% (4.7%); and stroke, median 1.2% (range 0–10.9%). Greenery was negatively associated with diabetes (β = −5.85, 95% CI −9.53, −2.17) and stroke prevalence (β = −1.26, 95% CI −2.11, −0.42). PM2.5 and NO2 were positively associated with diabetes (β = 1.59, 95% CI 1.00, 2.18; β = 0.42, 95% CI 0.22, 0.62) and stroke prevalence (β = 0.15, 95% CI 0.01, 0.29; β = 0.06, 95% CI 0.01, 0.10). The association between greenery and diabetes was partially mediated by PM2.5 (mediated effect −5.38, 95% CI −7.84, −3.03).ConclusionsGreenery and air pollutants were associated with lower and higher prevalence, respectively, of self‐reported diabetes and, to a lesser extent, stroke. These ecological findings require further exploration with stronger, longitudinal study designs to inform public health policy and directions. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; ••: ••–••.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Medicine

Reference49 articles.

1. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019

2. World Health Organisation.World Health Statistics 2023 ‐ a visual summary 2023. Available from:https://www.who.int/data/stories/world-health-statistics-2023-a-visual-summary/.

3. The Future of Cardiovascular Epidemiology

4. Establishing and maintaining healthy environments: Toward a social ecology of health promotion.

Cited by 1 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3