Genome size is positively correlated with extinction risk in herbaceous angiosperms

Author:

Soto Gomez Marybel1ORCID,Brown Matilda J. M.1ORCID,Pironon Samuel123ORCID,Bureš Petr4ORCID,Verde Arregoitia Luis D.5ORCID,Veselý Pavel4ORCID,Elliott Tammy L.46ORCID,Zedek František4ORCID,Pellicer Jaume17ORCID,Forest Félix1ORCID,Nic Lughadha Eimear1ORCID,Leitch Ilia J.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Richmond Surrey TW9 3AE UK

2. UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP‐WCMC) Cambridge CB3 0DL UK

3. School of Biological and Behavioral Sciences Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK

4. Faculty of Science, Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University Brno 61137 Czech Republic

5. Red de Biología Evolutiva Instituto de Ecología AC Xalapa Veracruz 91073 Mexico

6. Department of Biological Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town 7700 South Africa

7. Institut Botanic de Barcelona (IBB) CSIC‐CMCNB Barcelona 08038 Spain

Abstract

Summary Angiosperms with large genomes experience nuclear‐, cellular‐, and organism‐level constraints that may limit their phenotypic plasticity and ecological niche, which could increase their risk of extinction. Therefore, we test the hypotheses that large‐genomed species are more likely to be threatened with extinction than those with small genomes, and that the effect of genome size varies across three selected covariates: life form, endemism, and climatic zone. We collated genome size and extinction risk information for a representative sample of angiosperms comprising 3250 species, which we analyzed alongside life form, endemism, and climatic zone variables using a phylogenetic framework. Genome size is positively correlated with extinction risk, a pattern driven by a signal in herbaceous but not woody species, regardless of climate and endemism. The influence of genome size is stronger in endemic herbaceous species, but is relatively homogenous across different climates. Beyond its indirect link via endemism and climate, genome size is associated with extinction risk directly and significantly. Genome size may serve as a proxy for difficult‐to‐measure parameters associated with resilience and vulnerability in herbaceous angiosperms. Therefore, it merits further exploration as a useful biological attribute for understanding intrinsic extinction risk and augmenting plant conservation efforts.

Funder

Grantová Agentura České Republiky

Publisher

Wiley

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