The impact of school exclusion in childhood on health and well‐being outcomes in adulthood: Estimating causal effects using inverse probability of treatment weighting

Author:

Obsuth Ingrid1ORCID,Madia Joan E.2,Murray Aja L.3,Thompson Ian4,Daniels Harry4

Affiliation:

1. Clinical and Health Psychology University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

2. Department of Sociology Nuffield College, University of Oxford Oxford UK

3. Department of Psychology University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

4. Department of Education University of Oxford Oxford UK

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundPrevious evidence has suggested a strong association between school exclusion and health outcomes. However, as health risks are themselves related to the risk of experiencing a school exclusion, it has been challenging to determine the extent to which school exclusion impacts later health outcomes, as opposed to reflecting a marker for pre‐existing risks.AimThe aim of the current study was to address this challenge in estimating the medium‐to‐long‐term impact of school exclusion of health and well‐being outcomes.MethodsTo this end, we used an inverse propensity weighting approach in the Next Steps data set (N = 6534, from wave 1, 2014, to wave 8, 2015).ResultsWe found that after weighting for propensity of treatment scores estimated based on a wide range of factors, including previous health indicators, there was a significant effect of school exclusion on a wide range of health and well‐being outcomes.DiscussionThese results provide some of the most robust evidence to date that school exclusion harms long‐term health outcomes.ConclusionThe findings suggest that policies should aim to reduce exclusion and ensure access to preventative health support for those who experience a school exclusion.

Funder

Economics and Econometrics Research Institute

Economic and Social Research Council

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Developmental and Educational Psychology,Education

Reference36 articles.

1. Student- and school-level factors related to school belongingness among high school students

2. Anders J.(2012).Using the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England for research into higher education access. 12–13. DoQSS Working Papers. DoQSS Working Papers. Department of Quantitative Social Science – UCL Institute of Education University College London.https://ideas.repec.org/p/qss/dqsswp/1213.html

3. School-Based Social Exclusion, Affective Wellbeing, and Mental Health Problems in Adolescents: A Study of Mediator and Moderator Role of Academic Self-Regulation

4. Children's Commissioner. (2013).“Always Someone Else's Problem”Office of the Children's Commissioner's Report on illegal exclusions. London: Office of the Children's Commissioner.http://www.childrenscommissioner.gov.uk/content/publications/content_662

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