1. Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE); Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang 637551 Singapore
2. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang 639798 Singapore
3. Interdisciplinary Graduate School; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang 637551 Singapore
4. NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering; National University of Singapore; Nanyang 117543 Singapore
5. Department of Chemistry; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800 Denmark
6. Costerton Biofilm Center; Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology; Panum Institute; University of Copenhagen; København N 2200 Denmark
7. School of Biological Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang 639798 Singapore