1. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
2. Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
3. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
4. Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta‐Tung Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
5. Faculty of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Cohort Study Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
6. Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
7. Department of Preventive Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan