Soil organic matter priming: The pH effects

Author:

Wang Chaoqun123ORCID,Kuzyakov Yakov45ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Biogeochemistry of Agroecosystems University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany

2. Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada

3. Key Laboratory of Low‐carbon Green Agriculture in Tropical region of China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco‐Circular Agriculture, Environmental and Plant Protection Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Haikou China

4. Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany

5. Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Moscow Russia

Abstract

AbstractPriming of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition by microorganisms is a key phenomenon of global carbon (C) cycling. Soil pH is a main factor defining priming effects (PEs) because it (i) controls microbial community composition and activities, including enzyme activities, (ii) defines SOM stabilization and destabilization mechanisms, and (iii) regulates intensities of many biogeochemical processes. In this critical review, we focus on prerequisites and mechanisms of PE depending on pH and assess the global change consequences for PE. The highest PEs were common in soils with pH between 5.5 and 7.5, whereas low molecular weight organic compounds triggered PE mainly in slightly acidic soils. Positive PEs up to 20 times of SOM decomposition before C input were common at pH around 6.5. Negative PEs were common at soil pH below 4.5 or above 7 reflecting a suboptimal environment for microorganisms and specific SOM stabilization mechanisms at low and high pH. Short‐term soil acidification (in rhizosphere, after fertilizer application) affects PE by: mineral‐SOM complexation, SOM oxidation by iron reduction, enzymatic depolymerization, and pH‐dependent changes in nutrient availability. Biological processes of microbial metabolism shift over the short‐term, whereas long‐term microbial community adaptations to slow acidification are common. The nitrogen fertilization induced soil acidification and land use intensification strongly decrease pH and thus boost the PE. Concluding, soil pH is one of the strongest but up to now disregarded factors of PE, defining SOM decomposition through short‐term metabolic adaptation of microbial groups and long‐term shift of microbial communities.

Publisher

Wiley

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