Local floral abundance influences bumble bee occupancy more than urban‐agricultural landscape context

Author:

Nunes Laura A.1ORCID,Tai Taylor2,Zuckerberg Benjamin1,Clare John D.1,Jepsen Sarina3,Strange James4,Gratton Claudio25

Affiliation:

1. Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA

2. Department of Entomology University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA

3. Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation Portland Oregon USA

4. Department of Entomology The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA

5. Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA

Abstract

Abstract Loss of natural habitat due to increases in agricultural extent raises the question of whether human‐dominated landscape types can support biodiversity, particularly for declining insect pollinators. Compared to more rural agricultural landscapes, urban areas may confer benefits for bumble bee populations by providing stable and diverse floral resources. However, disentangling the effects of local‐ and landscape‐scale characteristics on bumble bee populations in human‐modified landscapes is challenging. Here, we assessed bumble bee occupancy using a repeated transect sampling design conducted during the summers of 2019 and 2020 within the metropolitan area of Madison, WI, and the surrounding agricultural landscape. We fit hierarchical occupancy models to estimate the detection (p) and occupancy () probabilities relative to local habitat quality (floral abundance and floral richness) and landscape (agricultural‐urban gradient) features for eight bumble bee species. We hypothesised that bumble bees were more likely to occupy urban areas, serving as refugia, relative to agricultural sites. We found that the detection probability of all bumble bee species was seasonal and influenced by maximum floral abundance at survey sites, independent of the surrounding land cover type. After accounting for species‐specific detection probabilities, the effect of urbanisation on bee occupancy was weak, and no species were less likely to occupy urban than rural agricultural areas. Our findings suggest that bumble bee occupancy is associated with a ‘honeypot effect’ where local resource availability, in the form of higher floral abundance, is most important in limiting the occupancy of bumble bees across urban and agricultural landscapes.

Funder

U.S. Department of Agriculture

Publisher

Wiley

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