1. Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences; University of Aberdeen; 23 St Machar Drive Aberdeen AB24 3UU UK
2. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; Climate Impacts and Vulnerabilities; Telegrafenberg 14473 Potsdam Germany
3. Cranfield Soil and Agrifood Institute; School of Energy; Environment and Agrifood; Cranfield University; College Rd. Cranfield Bedfordshire MK43 0AL UK
4. Institute on Ecosystems and the Department of Ecology; Montana State University; Bozeman MT 59717 USA
5. Department of Energy and Climate Change; 3 Whitehall Place London SW1A 2AW UK