The age of the Tseax volcanic eruption, British Columbia, Canada

Author:

Williams-Jones Glyn1,Barendregt René W.2,Russell James K.3,Le Moigne Yannick14,Enkin Randolph J.5,Gallo Rose3

Affiliation:

1. Centre for Natural Hazards Research, Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.

2. Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.

3. Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

4. Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63178 Aubière, France.

5. Paleomagnetism and Petrophysics Laboratory, Geological Survey of Canada - Pacific, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.

Abstract

A recent volcanic eruption occurred at Tseax volcano that formed a series of tephra cones in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. The explosive to effusive eruption also formed a 32 km long sequence of Fe-rich Mg-poor basanite–trachybasalt lavas covering ∼40 km2. Oral histories of the Nisg_a’a Nation report that the eruption may have caused as many as 2000 fatalities. The actual eruption date and question of whether there was one or multiple eruptive episodes in the 14th and 18th centuries are, as of yet, unresolved. New radiocarbon dating of wood charcoal from immediately beneath vent-proximal tephra deposits and complementary age information suggest an eruption in 1675–1778 CE (95.4% probability) was responsible for the formation of the tephra cone. New paleomagnetic and geochemical data from the tephra cone and lava flows suggest there is, in fact, no statistically significant difference in time between the explosive and effusive deposits and that they formed during a single eruptive episode.

Publisher

Canadian Science Publishing

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences

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