The fate of dissolved sulfamethoxazole during spring-thaw snowmelt in a field with a history of manure application

Author:

Soto Haven S.J.S.1,Amarakoon Inoka D.23ORCID,Casson Nora J.24ORCID,Kumaragamage Darshani23,Wilson Henry F.5

Affiliation:

1. Master of Environmental and Social Change Program, Department of Geography, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

2. Department of Soil Science, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

3. Department of Environmental Studies and Sciences, The University of Winnipeg, MB, Canada

4. Department of Geography, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

5. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research and Development Centre, Brandon, MB, Canada

Abstract

The fate of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in Prairie agroecosystems during snowmelt is not well understood. This study aims to provide the first estimates of concentrations and loads of SMX in snowmelt in a field with a history of manure application. The mean concentration of SMX throughout the snowmelt period was 0.0345 ± 0.066 µg/L. The SMX cumulative load was 3.81 ± 3.4 µg/L with a range of 1.03–12.8 µg/L. Both the concentration and load were not influenced by the method of manure application (i.e., surface applied versus sub-surface applied).

Publisher

Canadian Science Publishing

Subject

Soil Science

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