Corporate Social Responsibility, Firm Value, and Profitability: Evidence from Pharmaceutical Companies in Indonesia and Malaysia

Abstract

Purpose:  This study was conducted with the aim of testing the Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Firm Value with Profitability as a Moderating Variable.   Theoretical framework:  Pharmaceutical companies are very closely related to the environment around the company. In the operational activities of companies that process 9 types of chemicals, they can potentially trigger the release of substances that can damage the surrounding environment, so that waste management is needed. This study explores the violation of corporate practice by linking the implementation of CSR.   Design/methodology/approach:  We use documentation technique as data collection and analysis of outer model and inner model as data analysis using smartPLS software. This research was conducted on Indonesian pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period and Malaysian pharmaceutical companies listed on the Malaysia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period. By using purposive sampling method, 8 Indonesian pharmaceutical companies were selected from 10 companies, and 8 Malaysian pharmaceutical companies from 16 companies were selected as samples that met the requirements.   Findings: Corporate Social Responsibility Affects the Value of Indonesian Pharmaceutical Companies. Corporate Social Responsibility Does Not Affect The Value of Malaysian Pharmaceutical Companies. Profitability is able to moderate the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility on the value of Indonesian and Malaysian pharmaceutical companies.   Research, Practical & Social implications:  Future studies may consider indicators of the influence of CSR on firm value with profitability as a moderating variable.   Originality/value:  Indonesian pharmaceutical companies show results that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has an effect on firm value, Malaysian pharmaceutical companies show results that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has no effect on firm value, Indonesian pharmaceutical companies show that profitability is able to moderate the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on firm value, Malaysian pharmaceutical companies show results that profitability is able to moderate the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on firm value.