Dark/bright band of a melting layer detected by coherent Doppler lidar and micro rain radar

Author:

Wei Tianwen1,Xia Haiyun1234,Wu Kenan12,Yang Yuanjian12,Liu Qi1,Ding Weidong5

Affiliation:

1. University of Science and Technology of China

2. Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

3. Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale

4. Chinese Academy of Science

5. Anhui Meteorological Observatory

Abstract

Observation of a melting layer using a 1.55 µm coherent Doppler lidar (CDL) is first presented during a stratiform precipitation event. Simultaneous radar measurements are also performed by co-located 1.24 cm micro rain radar (MRR) and 10.6 cm Doppler weather radar (DWR). As a well-known bright band in radar reflectivity appears during precipitation, an interesting dark band about 160 m below that in lidar backscattering is observed. Due to the absorption effect, the backscattering from raindrops at 1.55 µm is found much weaker than that at short wavelengths usually used in direct detection lidars. However, the CDL provides additional Doppler information which is helpful for melting layer identification. For example, a spectrum bright band with broadened width and sign conversion of skewness is detected in this case. After a deep analysis of the power spectra, the aerosol and precipitation components are separated. The fall speed of hydrometeors given by CDL is found smaller than that of MRR, with the differences of approximately 0.5 m/s and 1.5 m/s for the snow and rainfall, respectively. To illustrate the influence of absorption effect, simulations of the backscatter coefficient and extinction coefficient of aerosol and rainfall are also performed at the wavelength range of 0.3 ∼ 2.2 µm using the Mie theory.

Publisher

Optica Publishing Group

Subject

Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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