Evaluation of Efficacy of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Comorbidities Following Mandibular Impacted Third Molar Surgery: A Prospective Study

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Despite several in vitro and in vivo applications of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), it remains an under-studied feature of the oral and maxillofacial region. The goal of this in vivo study was to objectively investigate the efficacy of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on wound healing and related morbidities following surgical removal of an impacted third molar. Materials and Methods: The following in vivo prospective, comparative, randomised controlled clinical study was carried out amongst 56 patients who reported to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Group A received sham ultrasound, whereas Group B received LIPUS therapy. Based on the group allocated LIPUS 1 MHz, pulsed 20% and dose 1.0 watts/square centimetre (W/cm2)/sham, ultrasound therapy was given on 1st, 2nd and 3rd post-operative days. The assessment of post-operative pain, oedema, trismus and wound healing on preoperative, first, third and seventh postoperative days. Results: The quantitative variables of the study were assessed using independent sample t-test, and qualitative variables were assessed using the Chi-square test. The P < 0.05 on third and seventh post-op days for pain, trismus and wound healing in the LIPUS group compared to control group making it statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference in the reduction of oedema amongst the two groups. Discussion: Post-LIPUS application in the patients, postoperative pain was significantly reduced, trismus was noticeably improved and wound healing was satisfactory and can be employed as a complementary technique.