1. Older adults: Recommended baccalaureate competencies and curricular guidelines for geriatric nursing care;American Association of Colleges of Nursing,2000
2. End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC) Curriculum. (2000, Revised, 2003). Washington, DC: American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). Los Angeles: City of Hope (COH) National Medical Center.
3. Scope and standards of gerontological nursing practice;American Nurses Association,1995
4. The facts on aging quiz;Palmore,1998