1. Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
2. Department of Urology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
3. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
4. Department of Clinical Data Management and Research, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
5. Department of Health Care Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan