1. Laursen EM, Toch A. Scour around bridge piers and abutments. Bull. No. 4. U.S.A.: Iowa Highway Research Board; 1956, May.
2. Nakagawa H, Suzuki K. An application of stochastic model of sediment motion of local scour around a bridge pier. In: Proc. 16th congress IAHR, vol. 2; 1975. p. 228–35.
3. Ettema R. Scour at bridge piers. Report No. 216. Auckland, New Zealand: Dept. of Civil Eng., Univ. of Auckland; 1980.
4. Temporal variation of scour around circular bridge piers;Kothyari;Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1992
5. Large scale clear-water local pier scour experiments;Sheppard;Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004