1. Explosive Spalling of Concrete Exposed to High Temperature;Akhtaruzzuman,1970
2. American Society for Testing and Materials, 2001. Standard Methods of Fire Test of Building Construction and Materials. Test Method E119-01. West Conshohocken, PA.
3. ASTM E119, 2001. Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials.
4. Spalling of Concrete for Tunnels;Boström,2004
5. EFNARC: European Federation of National Associations Representing producers and applicators of specialist building products for Concrete, 2009. Specification and Guidelines for Testing of Passive Fire Protection for Concrete Tunnels Lining; Norfolk, UK.