1. Benedict, M.A., 2001. Black Ash: Its use by Native Americans, Site Factors Affecting Seedling Abundance and Ring Growth in Northern Minnesota. MA Thesis, University of Minnesota.
2. Handbook For Black Ash Preservation, Reforestation/Regeneration;Benedict,2000
3. Forest soils and chapter 4;Bockheim,1982
4. Changes in ponderosa pine site productivity following removal of understory vegetation, USDA Forest Service, Silviculture Lab, Redding CA;Busse;Soil Science Society of America Journal,1996
5. Site Index Curves for Northern Hardwoods in Northern Wisconsin and Upper Michigan;Carmean,1978