Thermosulfurimonas dismutans gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely thermophilic sulfur-disproportionating bacterium from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent

Author:

Slobodkin A. I.1,Reysenbach A.-L.2,Slobodkina G. B.1,Baslerov R. V.3,Kostrikina N. A.1,Wagner I. D.2,Bonch-Osmolovskaya E. A.1

Affiliation:

1. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7/2, 117312 Moscow, Russia

2. Department of Biology and Center for Life in Extreme Environments, Portland State University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR 97207-0751, USA

3. Bioengineering Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7/1, 117312 Moscow, Russia

Abstract

An extremely thermophilic, anaerobic, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium (strain S95T) was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney located on the Eastern Lau Spreading Center, Pacific Ocean, at a depth of 1910 m. Cells of strain S95Twere oval to short Gram-negative rods, 0.5–0.6 µm in diameter and 1.0–1.5 µm in length, growing singly or in pairs. Cells were motile with a single polar flagellum. The temperature range for growth was 50–92 °C, with an optimum at 74 °C. The pH range for growth was 5.5–8.0, with an optimum at pH 7.0. Growth of strain S95Twas observed at NaCl concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 % (w/v). Strain S95Tgrew anaerobically with elemental sulfur as an energy source and bicarbonate/CO2as a carbon source. Elemental sulfur was disproportionated to sulfide and sulfate. Growth was enhanced in the presence of poorly crystalline iron(III) oxide (ferrihydrite) as a sulfide-scavenging agent. Strain S95Twas also able to grow by disproportionation of thiosulfate and sulfite. Sulfate was not used as an electron acceptor. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the isolate belongs to the phylumThermodesulfobacteria. On the basis of its physiological properties and results of phylogenetic analyses, it is proposed that the isolate represents the sole species of a new genus,Thermosulfurimonas dismutansgen. nov., sp. nov.; S95T( = DSM 24515T = VKM B-2683T) is the type strain of the type species. This is the first description of a thermophilic micro-organism that disproportionates elemental sulfur.

Funder

United States National Science Foundation

Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Foundation for Basic Research

Publisher

Microbiology Society

Subject

General Medicine,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Microbiology

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