Identification of novel orthonairoviruses from rodents and shrews in Gabon, Central Africa

Author:

Ozeki Takehiro123,Abe Haruka13,Ushijima Yuri3,Nze-Nkogue Chimène4,Akomo-Okoue Etienne F.4,Ella Ghislain W.E.4,Koumba Lilian B.M.4,Nso Branly C.B.B.4,Mintsa-Nguema Rodrigue4,Makouloutou-Nzassi Patrice4,Makanga Boris K.4,Nguelet Fred L.M.4,Ondo Georgelin N.5,Mbadinga Marien J.V.M.5,Igasaki Yui3,Okada Sayaka13,Hirano Minato13,Yoshii Kentaro13,Lell Bertrand675,Bonney Laura C.8,Hewson Roger8,Kurosaki Yohei13,Yasuda Jiro213ORCID

Affiliation:

1. National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases (CCPID), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan

2. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan

3. Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan

4. Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET), Libreville BP13354, Gabon

5. Centre de Recherche Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné BP242, Gabon

6. Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria

7. University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72072, Germany

8. United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JZ, UK

Abstract

In Africa, several emerging zoonotic viruses have been transmitted from small mammals such as rodents and shrews to humans. Although no clinical cases of small mammal-borne viral diseases have been reported in Central Africa, potential zoonotic viruses have been identified in rodents in the region. Therefore, we hypothesized that there may be unrecognized zoonotic viruses circulating in small mammals in Central Africa. Here, we investigated viruses that have been maintained among wild small mammals in Gabon to understand their potential risks to humans. We identified novel orthonairoviruses in 24.6 % of captured rodents and shrews from their kidney total RNA samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the novel viruses, Lamusara virus (LMSV) and Lamgora virus, were closely related to Erve virus, which was previously identified in shrews of the genus Crocidura and has been suspected to cause neuropathogenic diseases in humans. Moreover, we show that the LMSV ovarian tumour domain protease, one of the virulence determination factors of orthonairoviruses, suppressed interferon signalling in human cells, suggesting the possible human pathogenicity of this virus. Taken together, our study demonstrates the presence of novel orthonairoviruses that may pose unrecognized risks of viral disease transmission in Gabon.

Funder

the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development

JICA

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Publisher

Microbiology Society

Subject

Virology

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