Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae 3841, deficient in 27-hydroxyoctacosanoate-modified lipopolysaccharide, is impaired in desiccation tolerance, biofilm formation and motility

Author:

Vanderlinde Elizabeth M.1,Muszyński Artur2,Harrison Joe J.3,Koval Susan F.4,Foreman Dallas L.1,Ceri Howard3,Kannenberg Elmar L.2,Carlson Russell W.2,Yost Christopher K.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada

2. Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA

3. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada

4. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada

Abstract

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the Gram-negative legume symbiontRhizobium leguminosarumbiovarviciae3841 contains several unique modifications, including the addition of a 27-hydroxyoctacosanoic acid (27OHC28 : 0), also termed the very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA), attached at the 2′ position of lipid A. A transposon mutant that lacks expression of two putative 3-oxo-acyl [acyl-carrier protein] synthase II genes,fabF1andfabF2, from the VLCFA biosynthetic cluster, was isolated and characterized. MS indicated that the lipid A of the mutant lacked the VLCFA modification, and sodium deoxycholate (DOC)-PAGE of the LPS indicated further structural alterations. The mutant was characteristically sensitive to several stresses that would be experienced in the soil environment, such as desiccation and osmotic stresses. An increase in the excretion of neutral surface polysaccharideswas observed in the mutant. This mutant was also altered in its attachment to solid surfaces, and was non-motile, with most of the mutant cells lacking flagella. Despite the pleiotropic effects of the mutation, these mutants were still able to nodulate legumes and fix atmospheric nitrogen. This report emphasizes that a structurally intact VLCFA-containing lipid A is critical to cellular traits that are important for survival in the rhizosphere.

Publisher

Microbiology Society

Subject

Microbiology

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