Parashewanella hymeniacidonis sp. nov., isolated from marine sponge (Hymeniacidon sinapium)

Abstract

A flagella bacterium, designated strain 202IG2-18T was isolated from a marine sponge Hymeniacidon sinapium from Ulleung-do in the Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, motile, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-pigmented. The strain was able to grow at pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum, pH 7.5), in the presence of 1–5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %, w/v) and at 18–30 °C (optimum, 30 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 202IG2-18T belonged to the family Shewanellaceae , and was most closely related to [ Shewanella ] irciniae NRRL B-41466T (97.9 %), followed by Parashewanella tropica KCCM 43304T (97.1 %), Parashewanella curva KCTC 62318T (96.3 %) and Parashewanella spongiae KCTC 22492T (96.2 %). The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (25.7 %), C17 : 1  ω8c (13.5 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1  ω7c and/or C16 : 1  ω6c, 12.7 %), iso-C13 : 0 (10.4 %) and C16 : 0 (9.6 %). The only detected respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, three unidentified glycolipids, two unidentified aminophospholipids, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified aminolipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 39.8 mol%. The average nucleotide identity values compared to all other related species was below 72.8 % and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values were 21.1–22.3 %, all below the threshold for bacterial species delineation. Phenotypic, phylogenetic, genomic and chemotaxonomic characteristics showed that strain 202IG2-18T represents a novel species of the genus Parashewanella , for which the name Parashewanella hymeniacidonis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 202IG2-18T (=KACC 22256T=LMG 32203T).