Preparation and Bioactivity Applications of Novel Chitosan Derivatives

Abstract

Chitosan (CS) is a substance abundant in nature. It is a biopolymer consisting of repetitive components of glucose and N-acetyl-glucose amine connected by (1,4)-glycosidic bonds. It has so many applications that are biodegradable, non-toxic, and biocompatible. The CS was loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) via amide-mediated binding, and the resulting CSFUAC product was evaluated as a potential 5FU delivery agent. A new CS-Schiff base derivative was created using CS extracted from local fish scales by combining CS with another aromatic aldehyde. The antimicrobial effectiveness of the new product was evaluated. It includes two fungi and four strains of pathogenic bacteria. The MTT assay is employed to determine the cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized compounds. Finally, CS was used to synthesize a prodrug for colon cancer. As a colon cancer prodrug, methotrexate (MTX) was converted to the combined (methotrexate-imidazole) and linked with the CS to produce the CSMTX conjugate. Additionally, the compound’s hemolytic action and chemical stabilities were evaluated. In the MTT, three types of cancer cell lines (MDAMB231, MCF7, and MDAMB453) were utilized to test how toxic the compounds made in the lab were to cancer cells.