Energy-efficiency measures to achieve zero energy buildings in tropical and humid climates

Abstract

Nearly and net zero energy buildings have been strongly studied in the global north, with generally a temperate climate, thus focusing on energy-efficiency measures for such climates. Few existing zero energy buildings can be found in tropical and humid climates, where most are ongoing state projects or research projects. Therefore, this chapter brings forth and analyzes the energy-efficiency measures implemented to retrofit buildings in tropical and humid climates to achieve zero-energy buildings. The first part analyzes the measures by energy measure according to building type and climate, envelope (passive and active cooling), energy systems, dampness and mold growth, occupant (thermal comfort and the occupant), renewable energy system (BIPV rooftop and facade BIPV installation), and retrofitting aspects. The second part presents and discusses a proposed framework for policy implementation for building retrofit toward NZEB in Panama based on current building regulations and research evidence, and the viability is assessed via a SWOT analysis.