Innovation in Nixtamalization by Extrusion Using the Wet Process

Abstract

Extrusion wet milling nixtamalization (EWMN) is an innovative process that combines traditional nixtamalization with wet extrusion technology to produce high-quality corn products. As is known, wet extrusion technology is an HTST (high-temperature short-time) process and nixtamalization is an LTLT (low-temperature long-time) process. So, EWMN is the combination of these two technologies. It is used in high moisture, low temperature, low screw velocity and the corn grain is milled at 3 mm size. EWMN is based on mixing corn with water and lime, creating a homogeneous masa that is subjected to an extrusion process using a screw or double screw. The operating parameters, such as humidity, cooking time, production speed, and shear, are critical in this process and must be carefully controlled to obtain the desired product texture and characteristics. After extrusion, the product is dried to reduce humidity to safe and desirable levels for storage. This step is essential to increase the life of the final product. In summary, corn nixtamalization extrusion combines the traditional nixtamalization technique with wet extrusion, resulting in high-quality corn products, better digestibility, and efficiency compared to conventional processes. This innovative approach offers a promising solution for corn-based food production.