Effect of post-exercise muscle cooling on PGC-1α and VEGF mRNA expression in Thoroughbreds

Author:

Kitaoka Y.1,Mukai K.2,Tonai S.1,Ohmura H.2,Takahashi T.2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Human Sciences, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-8686, Japan.

2. Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4, Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan.

Abstract

Besides preventing exertional heat illness, muscle cooling can be a potential strategy to enhance exercise-training induced adaptations. This study aimed to examine the effects of post-exercise cooling on the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in Thoroughbred skeletal muscle. Five Thoroughbred horses performed treadmill running until their pulmonary artery temperature reached 42 °C, followed by walking on the treadmill with no additional cooling (CONT) or muscle cooling with a shower using the tap water (26 °C, 0.4 l/s; COOL), for 30 min. Muscle biopsies were obtained before (PRE) and 3 h after exercise (3 Hr-REC) from the gluteus medius muscle. PGC-1α mRNA expression was elevated 3 h after exercise in both the CONT (PRE vs 3 Hr-REC: 1.0±0.1 vs 5.0±0.8, P<0.01) and COOL (PRE vs 3 Hr-REC: 1.1±0.3 vs 6.6±0.9, P<0.01) conditions; however, there was no difference between the two conditions at 3 h after exercise (P=0.17). VEGF mRNA expression was elevated 3 h after exercise in COOL (PRE vs 3 Hr-REC: 1.0±0.2 vs 2.2±0.2, P<0.05) but not in CONT (PRE vs 3 Hr-REC: 1.0±0.1 vs 1.8±0.3, P=0.08). VEGF mRNA expression at 3 h after exercise was significantly negatively correlated with rectal temperature at the end of the 30-min cooling period (r = -0.65, P<0.05). Our results suggest that the decline in body temperature after exercise may lead to greater expression of the key angiogenic gene in Thoroughbred horses.

Publisher

Wageningen Academic Publishers

Subject

Physiology (medical),Veterinary (miscellaneous),Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,Physiology,Biochemistry,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Biophysics

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