The Contribution of Epithelial Sodium Channels to Alveolar Function in Health and Disease

Author:

Eaton Douglas C.123,Helms My N.13,Koval Michael4,Bao Hui Fang13,Jain Lucky123

Affiliation:

1. Departments of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322;

2. Departments of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322;

3. Departments of The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322;

4. Departments of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322;

Abstract

Amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) play an important role in lung sodium transport. Sodium transport is closely regulated to maintain an appropriate fluid layer on the alveolar surface. Both alveolar type I and II cells have several different sodium-permeable channels in their apical membranes that play a role in normal lung physiology and pathophysiology. In many epithelial tissues, ENaC is formed from three subunit proteins: α, β, and γ ENaC. Part of the diversity of sodium-permeable channels in lung arises from assembling different combinations of these subunits to form channels with different biophysical properties and different mechanisms for regulation. Thus, lung epithelium has enormous flexibility to alter the magnitude of salt and water transport. In lung, ENaC is regulated by many transmitter and hormonal agents. Regulation depends upon the type of sodium channel but involves controlling the number of apical channels and/or the activity of individual channels.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Subject

Physiology

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