Hubungan Konsumsi Makanan Tinggi Natrium dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Buruh Tani di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Panti Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

A very heavy workload of farmers must be balanced with optimal food intake in both quantity and quality. The study aimed to identify the relationship between high sodium food consumption and the incidence of hypertension among farm workersat Public Health Center of Panti in Jember Regency. A cross-sectional study design was performed 248 of farmworkers using stratifi ed random sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used to identify the sociodemography of farm workers. Food frequency questionnaires and sphygmomanometer were performed to measure food frequency consumption and blood pressure. A Chi-square test was used to analyze the objective of the study (p<0,005). The results showed 33.9% of hypertension incident. There were a signifi cant relationship between food consumption and hypertension systolic, such as: biscuit (x2 = 10.466; p-value = 0.005), salted fi sh (x2 = 12.067; p-value = 0.022), milk and processed products (x2 = 9.051; p-value = 0.022), coffee (x2 = 6.025; p-value = 0.049), dan MSG (x2 = 10.298; p-value = 0.006). Meanwhile, the consumption of tea had a signifi cant relationship with hypertension diastolic (p-value 0.039). This study showed that the frequency consumption on biscuits, salted fi sh, milk, coffee and food seasonings was related to the incidence of hypertension systolic. Besides, tea consumption was related to the incidence of hypertension diastolic. Therefore, monitoring blood pressure and regulating the consumption food among farmworkers should be maintained regularly per month through non-communicable disease integrated health service post.  Abstrak Beban kerja petani yang cukup berat harus diimbangi dengan asupan makanan yang optimal secara kuantitas dan kualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengidentifi kasi hubungan konsumsi makanan tinggi natrium dengan kejadian hipertensi pada buruh tani di Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional pada 248 buruh tani dengan stratifi ed random sampling. Kuesioner digunakan untuk mengidentifi kasi sosiodemografi dan frekuensi konsumsi makanan. Pengukuran tekanan darah dilakukan dengan sphygnomanometer digital. Analisis data bivariat dilakukan dengan Chi-square test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kejadian hipertensi sebesar 33,1%. Frekuensi konsumsi makanan tinggi natrium berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi sistolik, seperti biskuit (x2 = 10,466; p-value = 0,005), ikan asin (x2 = 12,067; p-value = 0,022), susu dan olahannya (x2 = 9,051; p-value = 0,022), kopi (x2 = 6,025; p-value = 0,049), dan MSG (x2 = 10,298; p-value = 0,006), sementara itu, frekuensi konsumsi teh berhubungan dengan hipertensi diastolik (x2 = 6,504; p – value = 0,039). Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan frekuensi konsumsi makanan (biskuit, ikan asin, susu, kopi, dan bumbu penyedap makanan) berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi sistol, sedangkan kebiasaan minum teh berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi diastolik. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan monitoring tekanan darah secara berkala dan pengaturan konsumsi makanan buruh tani melalui kegiatan posyandu penyakit tidak menular (PTM) secara berkala setiap bulannya.