SUSTAINABLE USE OF MEAT AND BONE MEAL THROUGH DIFFERENT TYPES OF PROCESSES

Abstract

Meat and bone meal (MBM) is considered animal waste and can no longer be used in agriculture since the onset of the disease called spongiform encephalopathy in cattle. This waste is burned and then dumped in landfills, which causes unwanted emissions to the environment. This is a real problem nowadays and we must find environmentally friendly solutions must be identified to eliminate this waste by energy recovery. For these reasons, a lot of processes have been developed to recovery the MBM, which are environmentally friendly and generate alternative fuels. The pyrolysis process takes place at a temperature of 500 degrees Celsius in a nitrogen atmosphere and in the absence of oxygen that could have developed nitrogen and sulfur compounds. The pyrolysis and gasification processes result in three types of products: MBM pyrolysis bio-oil, MBM pyrolysis gas and MBM pyrolysis bio-char. The calorific value of MBM, but also of reaction products such as MBM pyrolysis bio-oil and MBM pyrolysis gas is in the range of 17.8 MJ / kg - 36.7 MJ / kg. Due to the high ash content and low calorific value of the bio-char, it cannot be used as an alternative fuel. Bio-char can be used to fertilize soils due to its high phosphorus content, in a proportion of about 40%.