Affiliation:
1. Research Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Service for the Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare
Abstract
Mosquito control is necessary to improve the epidemic and, consequently, the sanitary and hygienic situation in human settlements. At the same time, the safest and more environmentally friendly way of controlling is not the fight against adult mosquitoes, but the treatment of reservoirs with microbiological larvicides based on entomopathogenic, aerobic, spore-forming, saprophytic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (de Barjac) (Bti). A new serotype of the bacterium B. thuringiensis was found in Israel in the Negev desert. This serotype being more active against larvae of blood-sucking and non-blood-sucking mosquitoes and midges than previously known serotypes, was named israelensis. Bti endotoxin is a typical insecticide with intestinal type of action for different mosquito species. For example, Bti H14 is highly insecticidal to the larvae of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus at very low concentrations. The parasporal body (endotoxin crystal), a crystalline protein consisted of four main polypeptides and two minor polypeptides, possesses of a larvicidal action. Larvicidal activity is associated with a synergistic effect in a combination of four polypeptides. The possibility of development of resistance to products based on Bti and Bacillus sphaericus in populations of mosquitoes (Culicidae) was investigated. The use of domestic microbiological formulations based on Bti («Baktitsid», «Larviol-pasta», and «Antinat») was shown an eradication the larvae of bloodsucking mosquitoes and midges to be possible and rational, since they are not generated resistant populations of mosquitoes. This is confirmed by more than 30 years of the use of such formulations.
Publisher
Federal Scientific Center for Hygiene F.F.Erisman
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pollution,General Medicine
Reference42 articles.
1. Shandala M.G. Topical issues of general disinfectology (selected lectures). Moscow: Meditsina; 2009. 110 p. (in Russian)
2. Chang C., Dai S.-M., Frutos R. et al. Properties of a 72-kilodalton mosquitocidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni PG-14 expressed in B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki by using the shuttle vector pHT3101. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1992; 58 (2): 507-12.
3. The list of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use on territory of the Russian Federation. 2010. Reference book. Moscow; 2011. (Supplement to journal “Plant Protection and Quarantine|”), 2010; 6: 6-16. (in Russian)
4. Goldberg L.J., Margalit J. A bacterial spore demonstrating rapid larvicidal activity against Anopheles sergentii, Uranotaenia unguiculata, Culex univittatus, Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens. Mosq News. 1977; 37 (3): 355-8.
5. Margalit J. Discovery of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis. In: H. de Barjac and D.J. Sutherland (eds.). Bacterial control of mosquitoes & black flies. Biochemistry, genetics & applications of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis and Bacillus sphaericus. London, UK: Unwin Hyman; 1990: 3-9.