Study of nonlinear acoustic field of high intensity focused ultrasound by the fractional wave

Abstract

The acoustic energy distribution of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is influenced by the attenuation and the dispersion of the biological tissue. In this paper we modify the KZK equation according to the fractional wave equation, in order to accurately describe the sound field of HIFU. The theoretical and experimental studies of frequency dependences of attenuation and sound speed examine the validity of the fractional wave equation. Furthermore, the numerical simulation of HIFU field is performed using the modified KZK equation. The results demonstrate that the introduction of the fractional derivative equation could solve the problems of the attenuation and sound dispersion, leading to the accuracy improvement of HIFU therapy.