The generalized fractional NU method for the diatomic molecules in the Deng–Fan model

Abstract

Abstract A solution of the fractional N-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation (SE) with the Deng–Fan potential (DFP) is investigated by the generalized fractional Nikiforov–Uvarov (NU) method. The analytical formulas of energy eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions for the DFP are generated. Furthermore, the current results are applied to several diatomic molecules (DMs) for the DFP as well as the shifted Deng–Fan potential (SDFP). For both the DFP and its shifted potential, the effect of the fractional parameter ($${\delta }$$ δ ) on the energy levels of various DMs is examined numerically and graphically. We found that the energy eigenvalues are gradually improved when the fractional parameter increases. The energy spectra of various DMs are also evaluated in three-dimensional space and higher dimensions. It is worthy to note that the energy spectrum raises as the number of dimensions increases. In addition, the dependence of the energy spectra of the DFP and its shifted potential on the reduced mass, screening parameter, equilibrium bond length and rotational and vibrational quantum numbers is illustrated. To validate our findings, the energy levels of the DFP and SDFP are estimated at the classical case ($${\delta =1}$$ δ = 1 ) for various DMs and found that they are entirely compatible with earlier studies. Graphical abstract In this study, a new algorithm of the generalized fractional Nikiforov–Uvarov method is employed to obtain new solutions to the fractional N-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation with the Deng–Fan potential. In addition, the results are applied to several diatomic molecules. The impact of the fractional parameter on the energy levels of various diatomic molecules is investigated. We found that the energy of the diatomic molecule is more bounded at lower fractional parameter values than in the classical case.