Breakdown of within- and between-network Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Connectivity during Propofol-induced Loss of Consciousness

Author:

Boveroux Pierre1,Vanhaudenhuyse Audrey2,Bruno Marie-Aurélie3,Noirhomme Quentin4,Lauwick Séverine5,Luxen André6,Degueldre Christian7,Plenevaux Alain8,Schnakers Caroline9,Phillips Christophe10,Brichant Jean-François11,Bonhomme Vincent12,Maquet Pierre13,Greicius Michael D.14,Laureys Steven15,Boly Mélanie16

Affiliation:

1. Anesthesiologist, Ph.D. Student, F.I.R.S. Research Fellow, Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

2. Ph.D. Student, A.R.C. Research Fellow.

3. Ph.D. Student, F.N.R.S. Research Fellow.

4. F.N.R.S. Postdoctoral Researcher.

5. Staff Anesthesiologist.

6. Professor.

7. Research Assistant.

8. Associate Professor, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liège.

9. F.N.R.S. Postdoctoral Research Fellow.

10. F.N.R.S. Research Associate, Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liège.

11. Anesthesiologist, Professor, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, University of Liège.

12. Anesthesiologist, Assistant Professor, Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, CHR Citadelle, University of Liège.

13. Professor, F.N.R.S. Research Director, Department of Neurology, CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liège.

14. Neurologist, Assistant Professor, Stanford School of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.

15. Professor, F.N.R.S. Senior Research Associate.

16. F.N.R.S. Postdoctoral Researcher, Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, Department of Neurology, CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, University of Liège.

Abstract

Background Mechanisms of anesthesia-induced loss of consciousness remain poorly understood. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging allows investigating whole-brain connectivity changes during pharmacological modulation of the level of consciousness. Methods Low-frequency spontaneous blood oxygen level-dependent fluctuations were measured in 19 healthy volunteers during wakefulness, mild sedation, deep sedation with clinical unconsciousness, and subsequent recovery of consciousness. Results Propofol-induced decrease in consciousness linearly correlates with decreased corticocortical and thalamocortical connectivity in frontoparietal networks (i.e., default- and executive-control networks). Furthermore, during propofol-induced unconsciousness, a negative correlation was identified between thalamic and cortical activity in these networks. Finally, negative correlations between default network and lateral frontoparietal cortices activity, present during wakefulness, decreased proportionally to propofol-induced loss of consciousness. In contrast, connectivity was globally preserved in low-level sensory cortices, (i.e., in auditory and visual networks across sedation stages). This was paired with preserved thalamocortical connectivity in these networks. Rather, waning of consciousness was associated with a loss of cross-modal interactions between visual and auditory networks. Conclusions Our results shed light on the functional significance of spontaneous brain activity fluctuations observed in functional magnetic resonance imaging. They suggest that propofol-induced unconsciousness could be linked to a breakdown of cerebral temporal architecture that modifies both within- and between-network connectivity and thus prevents communication between low-level sensory and higher-order frontoparietal cortices, thought to be necessary for perception of external stimuli. They emphasize the importance of thalamocortical connectivity in higher-order cognitive brain networks in the genesis of conscious perception.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

Reference96 articles.

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