Occupational Pregnancy Discrimination Is Associated With Negative Health Impacts for Pregnant Persons and Their Children

Abstract

Objective The aim of the study is to examine associations between occupational pregnancy discrimination, maternal, and child health. Methods A nationwide sample of individuals currently in their third trimester of pregnancy who worked full-time (>35 hr/wk) were recruited. Surveys were completed during the third trimester and 6 weeks postpartum. Results Respondents (N = 183) were mostly White (57.9%), had at least a bachelor’s degree (60.8%), and worked 40.3 hr/wk. Occupational pregnancy discrimination increased the odds of clinically significant depressive/anxiety symptoms by 8% and 17%, respectively (odds ratio = 1.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.0–1.1; odds ratio = 1.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.1–1.2). Discrimination was also associated with postpartum depression occurrence (P = 0.02). Social support level mitigated the association between pregnancy discrimination, depressive symptoms (β = 2.1, P < 0.01), and anxiety symptoms (β = 7.25, P < 0.01). Conclusions Poorer mental health during and after pregnancy was associated with occupational pregnancy discrimination but effects were mitigated by social support.