Features of functional and dysfunctional CD8+ T cells to guide HIV vaccine development

Author:

Bhattacharyya Shaown1,Crain Charles R.1,Goldberg Benjamin1,Gaiha Gaurav D.12

Affiliation:

1. Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139

2. Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Abstract

Purpose of reviewCD8+T cell responses are a key component of the host immune response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but vary significantly across individuals with distinct clinical outcomes. These differences help inform the qualitative features of HIV-specific CD8+T cells that we should aim to induce by vaccination.Recent findingsWe review previous and more recent findings on the features of dysfunctional and functional CD8+T cell responses that develop in individuals with uncontrolled and controlled HIV infection, with particular emphasis on proliferation, cytotoxic effector function, epitope specificity, and responses in lymph nodes. We also discuss the implications of these findings for both prophylactic and therapeutic T cell vaccine development within the context of T cell vaccine trials.SummaryThe induction of HIV specific CD8+T cell responses is an important goal of ongoing vaccine efforts. Emerging data on the key features of CD8+T cell responses that distinguish individuals who spontaneously control from those with progressive disease continues to provide key guidance.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Virology,Infectious Diseases,Oncology (nursing),Oncology,Hematology,Immunology

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