Global beta-diversity of angiosperm trees is shaped by Quaternary climate change

Author:

Xu Wu-Bing123ORCID,Guo Wen-Yong124ORCID,Serra-Diaz Josep M.5ORCID,Schrodt Franziska6ORCID,Eiserhardt Wolf L.27ORCID,Enquist Brian J.89ORCID,Maitner Brian S.8ORCID,Merow Cory10,Violle Cyrille11,Anand Madhur12ORCID,Belluau Michaël13ORCID,Bruun Hans Henrik14ORCID,Byun Chaeho15ORCID,Catford Jane A.16ORCID,Cerabolini Bruno E. L.17ORCID,Chacón-Madrigal Eduardo18ORCID,Ciccarelli Daniela19ORCID,Cornelissen J. Hans C.20ORCID,Dang-Le Anh Tuan21,de Frutos Angel3ORCID,Dias Arildo S.22ORCID,Giroldo Aelton B.23ORCID,Gutiérrez Alvaro G.2425ORCID,Hattingh Wesley26ORCID,He Tianhua2728ORCID,Hietz Peter29ORCID,Hough-Snee Nate30ORCID,Jansen Steven31ORCID,Kattge Jens332ORCID,Komac Benjamin33,Kraft Nathan J. B.34ORCID,Kramer Koen3536ORCID,Lavorel Sandra37ORCID,Lusk Christopher H.38,Martin Adam R.39ORCID,Ma Ke-Ping40ORCID,Mencuccini Maurizio4142ORCID,Michaletz Sean T.43ORCID,Minden Vanessa4445,Mori Akira S.46ORCID,Niinemets Ülo47ORCID,Onoda Yusuke48,Onstein Renske E.349ORCID,Peñuelas Josep4250ORCID,Pillar Valério D.51ORCID,Pisek Jan52ORCID,Pound Matthew J.53ORCID,Robroek Bjorn J. M.54ORCID,Schamp Brandon55,Slot Martijn56ORCID,Sun Miao257ORCID,Sosinski Ênio E.58ORCID,Soudzilovskaia Nadejda A.59ORCID,Thiffault Nelson60ORCID,van Bodegom Peter M.61ORCID,van der Plas Fons62,Zheng Jingming63ORCID,Svenning Jens-Christian1264ORCID,Ordonez Alejandro1264ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.

2. Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.

3. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.

4. Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station and Research Center for Global Change and Complex Ecosystems, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, P.R. China.

5. Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Silva, Nancy, France.

6. School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.

7. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey TW9 3AE, UK.

8. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

9. The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Rd., Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA.

10. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.

11. CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France.

12. School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

13. Centre for Forest Research, Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Centre-ville station, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.

14. Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.

15. Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Korea.

16. Department of Geography, King’s College London, London WC2B 4BG, UK.

17. Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.

18. Herbario Luis Fournier Origgi, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical (CIBET), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica.

19. Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Luca Ghini 13, 56126 Pisa, Italy.

20. Systems Ecology, A-LIFE, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.

21. Faculty of Biology - Biotechnology, University of Science - VNUHCM, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, District 5, 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

22. Goethe University, Institute for Physical Geography, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

23. Departamento de Ensino, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia do Ceará - IFCE campus Crateús, Avenida Geraldo Barbosa Marques, 567, 63708-260 Crateús, Brazil.

24. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales Renovables, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile.

25. Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Santiago, Chile.

26. Global Systems and Analytics, Nova Pioneer, Paulshof, Gauteng, South Africa.

27. School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, P.O. Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.

28. College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.

29. Institute of Botany, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1180 Vienna, Austria.

30. Meadow Run Environmental, Leavenworth, WA 98826, USA.

31. Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.

32. Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany.

33. Andorra Recerca + Innovació, AD600 Sant Julià de Lòria (Principat d'), Andorra.

34. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

35. Wageningen University, Forest Ecology and Management Group, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6700AA Wageningen, Netherlands.

36. Land Life Company, Mauritskade 63, 1092AD, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

37. Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, LECA, UMR UGA-USMB-CNRS 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, 38058 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.

38. Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.

39. Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, M1C 1A4 Toronto, ON, Canada.

40. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.

41. ICREA, Barcelona, 08010, Spain.

42. CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain.

43. Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

44. Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.

45. Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.

46. Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.

47. Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia.

48. Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Oiwake, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan.

49. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333CR Leiden, Netherlands.

50. CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain.

51. Department of Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil.

52. Tartu Observatory, University of Tartu, Observatooriumi 1, Tõravere, 61602 Tartumaa, Estonia.

53. Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.

54. Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands.

55. Department of Biology, Algoma University, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2G4, Canada.

56. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama.

57. National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.

58. Embrapa Clima Temperado, 96010-971 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.

59. Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.

60. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Wood Fibre Centre, 1055 du P.E.P.S., P.O. Box 10380, Stn. Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC G1V 4C7, Canada.

61. Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, Netherlands.

62. Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University, Netherlands.

63. Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Resources and Ecosystem Processes, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.

64. Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.

Abstract

As Earth’s climate has varied strongly through geological time, studying the impacts of past climate change on biodiversity helps to understand the risks from future climate change. However, it remains unclear how paleoclimate shapes spatial variation in biodiversity. Here, we assessed the influence of Quaternary climate change on spatial dissimilarity in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional composition among neighboring 200-kilometer cells (beta-diversity) for angiosperm trees worldwide. We found that larger glacial-interglacial temperature change was strongly associated with lower spatial turnover (species replacements) and higher nestedness (richness changes) components of beta-diversity across all three biodiversity facets. Moreover, phylogenetic and functional turnover was lower and nestedness higher than random expectations based on taxonomic beta-diversity in regions that experienced large temperature change, reflecting phylogenetically and functionally selective processes in species replacement, extinction, and colonization during glacial-interglacial oscillations. Our results suggest that future human-driven climate change could cause local homogenization and reduction in taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of angiosperm trees worldwide.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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